Correlation Between Mental Health Disorders And Sexual...

In the article Meatal Health Correlates of Perceived Discrimination Among Lesbian, Gay, and Bisexual Adults in the United States, authors Vickie M. Mays and Susan D. Cochran discuss their research, the results, and their methodology. However, could a different methodology provide different results? Were Mays and Cochran’s results sound? To start this article Mays and Cochran discuss how recently there have been surveys that have looked for a correlation between mental health disorders and sexual orientation. They then state that their survey will expand upon this idea to try and discover if perceived discrimination, sexual orientation, and mental health are related. Mays and Cochran conducted this research through a survey and questionnaire. The respondents of the survey and questionnaires had to live in an eligible household – however Mays and Cochran never specified what the requirements of an eligible household was – and be between the ages of 25 to 74 years old. First, the respondents were contacted through a randomly dialed telephone sampling to answer the survey questions. Then the respondents were mailed a questionnaire that to fill out and return. Mays and Cochran oversampled certain groups, such as men and the elderly, to increase representation since the groups mentioned prior were difficult to reach. Mays and Cochran never mention the size of their sample. They do mention the demographics that the collected during the research, which were: age, educationShow MoreRelatedIntroduction And Statement Of The Problem1161 Words   |  5 Pagesidentify as bisexual, and 1.1% who don’t identify within those standards (Ward, Dahlhamer, Galinsky Jostli, 2014, 1). Compared to the 96.6% of the American population who identify as heterosexual, these statistics seem insignificant. However, the sexual identity of adolescents has an important impact on their overall interpersonal and family relationships. For a long time, there was minimal support of homosexual marriage within the United States. However, a little under two years ago, the SupremeRead MorePeople Within The Lgb Community1065 Words   |  5 Pagestheir sexual orientations. However, it is likely that those who identify as lesbian, gay, bisexual (LGB), or anywhere else on the spectrum of homosexuality are at a higher risk to experience problems with their mental health than people who identify as heterosexual. People within the LGB community often face discrimination because they do not identify as heterosexual, or they aren’t attracted to the opposite sex. People within the LGB community are likelier to develop problems with their mental healthRead MoreIs There A Relationship Between Sexual Orientation And Anxiety ?2027 Words   |  9 Pagesrelationship between sexual orientation and anxiety? INTRODUCTION Anxiety disorders are among the most common mental illnesses within the United States. The National Institute of Mental Health (2016) states that 40 million adults are affected by anxiety and other related disorders. Given how anxiety disorders are often born out of extreme stress and traumatic events, some groups are more prone to them than others. This paper will be reviewing the relationship between anxiety disorders and people whoRead MoreSuicide Rates Among Youths Aged890 Words   |  4 Pagesthe past half-century suggesting a public health crisis in this community.4,16 Many general studies of the youth community are in existence, but to create an action plan, the individual risk factors and characteristics need to be better understood. One risk factor of particular interest is sexual orientation. Studies suggest an increased risk of suicidality in sexual minority youth (SMY) and the purpose of this paper is to better understand this correlation.8 A systematic review of literature was conductedRead MoreHomosexuality And Its Effects On Society Essay1650 Words   |  7 Pagesdebated whether or not homosexuality is a choice that one freely makes, while others believe a combination of genetics, hormones and environment have a factor in one’s sexuality and sexual development. Homosexuality is something one cannot choose to be. Primarily, homosexuality can be defined as a romantic or sexual attraction that involves people of the same gender. Male homosexuals are referred to as gays while the female ones are called lesbians. Ideally, since time immemorial, there have beenRead MoreSymptoms And Symptoms Of A Depressive Disorder Essay1192 Words   |  5 Pagesof energy, headaches, and a feeling of imbalance. What does this mean? Do these symptoms characterize a disorder? Will she receive help for these problems? In this particular case, some of the symptoms are considered universally characteristic of a depressive disorder, whi le others are culture-bound, peripheral symptoms which are context-dependent on whether they set off red flags as a mental-illness. What would differ in regards to treatment if the person was male-gendered? Culture plays a key roleRead MoreSelf Esteem Effects Of Minors Who Undergo Conversion Therapy Essay1715 Words   |  7 Pages a research design to examine the relationship between minors who undergo conversion therapy and self-esteem is explored and outlined. Introduction Conversion therapy consists of those treatments designed to change sexual orientation. Most often, this is the result of an incongruence between an individual’s sexuality and religious or cultural beliefs. In 1973, the American Psychiatric Association removed homosexuality as a pathological disorder from the DSM (Haldeman, 2001). However, over fortyRead MoreThe Link Between Homelessness And Mental Health983 Words   |  4 PagesWhat’s the issue? The lack of mental health services available to the mentally-ill and the deinstitutionalization of mental health hospitals have created a public health concern. These issues along with a failed continuum of care plans and a lack of community mental health services have been major contributing factors to homelessness. In addition, the strict guidelines for psychiatric hospitalization are critical when analyzing homelessness. In many cases, only the critically ill are meeting clinicalRead MoreMental Health For The Mentally Ill999 Words   |  4 PagesMental Health Brief What’s the issue? The lack of mental health services available to the mentally-ill and the deinstitutionalization of mental health hospitals have created a public health concern. These issues along with failed continuum of care strategies and a lack of community mental health services are major contributing factors to homelessness. In addition, the strict guidelines for psychiatric hospitalization are critical when analyzing homelessness among the mentally-ill. In many cases,Read MoreRudolf K. Sanders Christian Counseling Ethics: A Handbook for Psychologists, Therapists and Pastors1213 Words   |  5 PagesIn Chapter 10 of Rudolph K. Sanders’ book, Christian Counseling Ethics: A Handbook for Psychologists, Therapists and Pastors, Mark Yarhouse, Jill Kays and Stanton Jones discuss the â€Å"sexual minority† as it pertains to the field of professional counseling. This group is defined as â€Å"individuals with same sex attractions or behavior, regardless of self-identification† (S anders, et. al., 2013, p. 252). By looking at counseling the homosexual community through its etiology, standards by which a counselor

The Fading Nokia Free Essays

Contents Contents Introduction 1. Glorious period 2. 1 Biggest market occupation 2. We will write a custom essay sample on The Fading Nokia or any similar topic only for you Order Now 2 Essential and successful merger and acquisition 2. 3. 1 Merger with Siemens 2. 3. 2 Acquisition to NAVTEQ 2. Sagging situation at present 3. 3 Severe competition in this area 3. 4. 3 Pressure from Apple and Samsung 3. 4. 4 No longer popularity of Symbian operational system 2. 2 Lack of cash flowing 3. Analyze the causes resulting in the depression of Nokia 3. 1 Failure investment 3. Losing the opportunity to achieve most value 4. Future and some suggestions 4. 1Transformation to windows systems 4. 2Get experience from other failed companies (Ericsson and Alcatel) Conclusion References Bibliography Introduction Nokia, the most well-known brand and biggest mobile company, once occupying over 60 percent sales in the market, has now dropped to less than 30 percent share of this area. What’s more, 90 percent of share price has evaporated since Apple launched the first iphone 5 years ago. Nowadays, its 15 years dominant position is totally taken placed by Apple and Samsung, in other words, the IOS and Android system are preferable to be chosen by customers rather than the old and past Symbian. What is worse, the news coming from official Nokia on June 14th shows that there will be 10 thousand staff fired by the end of 2013, causing the mobile phone area norm these days. It is truly the hardest time for Nokia now. As a result, this essay is aimed to describe the fading process of Nokia and explore the severe condition of it. In general, this project will be divided into 4 parts. Firstly, it will look at the glorious period of Nokia and give examples of some significant events, and the second part is going to analyze the sagging situation it is faced with, including the severe competition from Apple and Samsung, the falling trend in sales and the lack of cash flow. Thirdly it will explain the causes leading to the depression of Nokia, and I will give some constructive future suggestions towards the end of the subject. Glorious period 1. Biggest market occupation It is really surprising that Nokia was originally built as a paper factory in 1965, and 2 years later, it became a form technology company after a serious of merge operations . The year 1987 meant a significant turning point to Nokia, which launched the first mobile phone in the world, opening a new window to the phone’s development. This invention, actually, laid the foundation to Nokia to jump to the biggest mobile phone producer and help ed to construct the Nokia destiny in the following 20 years. Until the year of 2007, Nokia still took the first place in market sale, stating officially that its profit surged 85 percent in the third quarter due to strong demand for low-cost phones in Africa, the Middle East and Asia, lifting its share of the global market to almost 40 percent. As Nokia profit soars near a half, while Samsung and Apple shared 13. 5 percent and 6. 5 percent occupations in the end of 2007. Figure 1 Worldwide converged smart mobile device market Market shares Q4 2007, Q4 2006 Source: Canalys estimates,  © canalys. com Ltd. 2008. From the figure above, it can be seen that Nokia was far away ahead of other rivals and it seems no one could construct potential threat to the ‘mobile king’ at that time. 1. 2 Essential and successful merger and acquisition All successful companies need creativity and business events to adjust it all the time, therefore there is no doubt that Nokia will also follow this rule, in order to expand its business scale as well as increase the avenue profit. In fact, several mergers and acquisitions were done by Nokia in history, all bringing unexpected great results to this huge company. . 2. 1 Merger with Siemens On June 2006, Nokia and Siemens were to merge their mobile and fixed-line phone network equipment businesses so as to create one of the world’s biggest network firm. Although both companies contributed a 50% stake, it could not deny the prominent role of Nokia in the new infrastructure company. Additionally, Nokia and Siemens were even closer in 2008. A commu nication company based on them was proclaimed, achieving 4. 3 billion euros on net sales, which increased by 24% than last quarter. 1. 2. 2 Acquisition to NAVTEQ In the same year as the communication company was established, a significant acquisition to NAVTEQ Company by Nokia was completed on July 10th. A wise leading strategy was so important to a company that this event directly resulted in 31. 2% business growth of NAVTEQ in the third quarter. According to the financial data in third quarter of Nokia, it remarked a decline trend in overall business profitability. The consensus could be mostly caused by huge market investments and fast rate to expand the trade chain. The table below presents the financial statements during 2007 and 2008. Figure 2 The financial statements during 2007 and 2008 uro(million)| 2008| 2007| net sales| 50710| 51058| sales cost| -33337| -33781| gross profit| 17373| 17277| research and develop cost| -5968| -5636| cost of marketing| -4380| -4379| other income| 420| 2312| other cost| -1195| -424| profit| 4966| 7985| pretax profit| 4970| 8268| Source: Nokia’s official avenue financial statements in 2007 and 2008 . Based on the data provided, several figures were not as ideal as last year, as their profit decreasing was mainly due to the big expense on the merger and acquisition related to Siemens(28600million euros) and NAVTEQ companies(5million euros). However, no one accurately predicted that these huge costs generated to be the dominant reason to the present failure of Nokia, on the side of cost control, despite other potential threats to Nokia such as the cooperation with Android Company and the dramatic rise of Apple and Samsung. Sagging situation at present Once Nokia’s slogan â€Å"Human Technology† is well-known in the world at the peaking time, who would care about that the weak company like MOTOLORA and Samsung even Apple which lost its operation officer Steve Jobs 5 years ago could be the rivals today? However, just in that short period, Nokia dropped down so seriously that came out of our widest expectations. In a word, the competition from other companies as well as the shortage of cash flow and unsuccessful Lumia phones all contributed to the sagging condition of today’s Nokia. 2. 1 Severe competition in this area In the first quarter of 2012, the position occupying the largest share in phones sales, which existed as long as 14years, was replaced by Samsung, At the same time, the shares fell to only 22. percent in total. 2. 1. 1 Pressure from Apple and Samsung When Nokia was still insisting on its original strategy to adjust appearance of phones rather than improve the hardware and operational details, Apple and Samsung silently changed the old style and headed to new target which were previous settled. It was a big well fare for normal people that Apple promoted the â€Å"customer experience† based on the touching screen and Samsung focused on the hardware modific ation. Under this pressure, changing appearance of Nokia gradually lost the attractions to technological customers who always wanted something new, and the effect brought by the â€Å"low function, high price† had totally departed from its objective to the middle and low market. For the general people who had spare money to buy phones, Samsung and Apple seemed to be their first choice. Figure 3 The shipped numbers of handsets and smartphones in 2012 1st quarter Source: Financial News, 27th April 2012 By the comparison in the bar chart above, it can be seen that Samsung had overtaken Nokia in phone handset shipments, when it came to the smart phones, the numbers of Nokia were far more behind the other two. Although Apple had the least figure in quantity, it still was the richest handsets company over the world since its high profit of every phone. Apparently, Nokia was facing the severest challenge from Samsung and Apple ever, and the sales gap was enlarging, due to the blank products in smartphones and the weak supports to application platform. 2. 1. 2 No longer popularity of Symbian operational system In recent years, Apple and Google were vigorously promoting the application service platform, and IOS and Android were hard working at inventing and launching to the market, while Nokia, unfortunately, paid enormous 27billion euros on dividends and stock buyback, and did nothing improvement on its OVI platform, which all pushed customers to prefer to try the new IOS and Android. As a result, there was no doubt that market share of Nokia smartphones experienced a sharp decline since Apple gave birth to the first iphone and the quick spread of Android in 2007, dropping from more than half at peak to nowadays 8. percent. Therefore, Symbian system was no longer popular and in fact, Nokia had announced to give up this system in the early year which meant the original customers could never enjoy update again. Below was the present condition of IOS, Android and Symbian share. Figure 4 Smart phones share ranking Source: Andrew Munchbach, May 19th. http://www. bgr. com/2011/05/19/ A new repor t published by Millennial Media presented a picture of the global smartphone landscape in April of 2011. Obviously, Android continued its domination in pure market share, holding a 53% of impressions on the company’s network. Apple’s IOS came in second with 28% and others including Symbian only had 4% of all. 2. 2 Lack of cash flowing As pointed out by Rich (2012), last three months (April-June) Nokia made losses of 1. 1billion pounds as networks saw no reason to push Lumia. What’s more, sales in smartphones fell 34% to 1. 2billion pounds although the cash reversed to gain about 18% in the second quarter. Due to a number of investments reaching to 27billion euros on dividends and stock buyback, and also the research and invention at largely untried Microsoft Windows platform, the company is now facing with financial crisis. What is worse, the sales downturn leads to little revenue to it. For example, the depressive phone-fancier saw sales fall by a fifth, with sales of Nokia Lumia Windows phones-latest smart phones by a third, rarely sold 4 million Windows phones in this second quarter, continued being less than one tenth of sales of Apple and Samsung. Just several days ago, according to the latest financial statement conducted by Nokia, the net income had 29percent decline compared to last year, as the total operational loss became 1. 1euros that present CEO Stephen Elop had to announce that there would be 10 thousand staff fired by the end of 2013, giving an unexpected shock to this area. Things were not going to improve in the following months, because Microsoft had made a decision to cut off current Lumia phones and remove the connections between Windows 8 system and previous Windows phones belonging to Nokia. That means the Windows phones cannot go far away without the back support of Microsoft upd ate system and data. Furthermore, Nokia has forecast a similar loss in the next three months-an outlook that was worse than economists had estimated, just as JP Morgan analyst Deshpande (2012) stated â€Å"The third quarter is going to be the most difficult quarter for Nokia†. Analyze the causes resulting in the depression of Nokia 3. 1 Failure investment When the peak Nokia dropped down, it is necessary to analyze the potential reasons behind this phenomenon. Obviously, the dominant reason is the lack of cash flow, which is triggered by the following aspects: 1. It frequently allocates the cash such as paying enormous 27billion euros on dividends and stock buyback, and paid nothing to its OVI platform. 2. Increasing cost leads to the emergency of cash flow. Nokia plans to cut off the mobile phone production business cost by the end of next year to 3 billion euros, however, great cutting itself needs a lot of money ,which can reach to 0. 1 billion pounds, which still not contain the investments to construction transformation. Morgan Stanley analyst Francois (2012) pointed out that if they put these calculations above in all, before the end of 2012, Nokia needed 2. billion euro free cash flow to rescue. Therefore, Moody’s and sp and fitch ratings to Nokia credit fell to garbage level. If it has further deterioration, the situation of this company would be quite dangerous. It is possible to see Nokia collapse by 2040. 3. 2 Losing the opportunity to achieve most value As Rich (2012) stated, â€Å"Samsung’s ultimate victory shouldn ’t be very surprising; the company makes consumer electronics of all kinds, and as the mobile phone became a commodity product, the skills needed to make money out of manufacturing them have changed to the skills with which Samsung is well-equipped. It is why Samsung develops so fast these years, owning to the leap improvement in software and application platform, based on Android system. In 2010, after Elop taking charge of office, he sent to the company all a memorandum named â€Å"combustion platform† and felt sorry for the company had missed the construction software platform for the good chance. Elop (2012) mentioned: â€Å"our competition on hand is to use hardware to take our market shares, unlike them to use the software, with the new ecological system. We should make a decision that whether we should establish, promote or join the system,† as to Nokia expansion of egoism, it concluded â€Å"it is our own ruin ourselves, in this difficult time, we lack leadership and responsibility to unite the whole company, we have missed a lot of good opportunity, our innovation speed too slow and the internal cooperation mechanism is not perfect enough. † So in these 5years, Nokia has already lost the opportunity to achieve most value. Future and some suggestions Nokia has recognized that they had a severe war to fight and to avoid themselves to be out of competition. However, honestly, if they want to still successfully alive in the market, they truly need to make great effort for surviving. 4. 1Transformation to windows system Nokia is now focusing on high-margin smartphones even if that means being dependent on the success of Microsoft, so the change in ranking by volume in America these days isn’t surprising, even if it is a little unsettling. So focusing more on windows phones is the only hope for Nokia to stand up again in the smart phones area, and we can see there is an ideal beginning for Lumia sales in USA, although the percent is so small compared with Samsung and Apple. . 2Get experience from other failed companies (Ericsson and Alcatel) As there are two failure examples of mobile producers Ericsson and Alcatel well known in the world, people are paying much attention to Nokia’s fading. What if the windows phone fail in the future, how can Nokia survive? Does the transformation to top smart phones really work? Therefore t he most urgent thing for Nokia is to make extra efficient plans in case of window phone lost advancing position in final and obtain the experience from failure companies in view of future development of itself. In order to win the war, Nokia may need to: 1. Focus on clustered products such as launch more smart phone types which are little different from Lumia so that it will generate cluster effect. Just like Porter (1985) describes that clusters affect competition in three broad ways: first, by increasing productivities of the firm; second, by increasing their innovation capacities; and third, by stimulating new business information. 2. Sell patents. Nokia can depend on selling its 30000 patents to maintain the normal cash flow which can help for a while. 3. Concentrate on low-class products. Till now, the majority of Nokia’s income and profit come from its low-class products. However, the biggest problem is basic functional phones no longer popular among customers since the smart phones took the place. As a result, for Nokia, it is also important to remain the low-class market when they decide to specialize it. Conclusion This paper has given an account for the fading process of Nokia, including its previous glorious history and on contrary the sagging situation at present, along with the severe competition from Samsung and Apple, showing a relatively complete timeline that it falls to decay to the readers. What’ more, causes lead to the fading are also examined. Finally, future prediction and contractive proposals to make Nokia’s renaissance in handouts field are discussed. It is only 5 years that Nokia totally has fallen down from the peak. For Nokia, it is going through the hardest period, in which there are still a number of problems to tackle with, such as the lack of cash flow, the fierce competition from other rivals, the uncertainty of the future of the Windows Phones. On the other hand, this difficulty may overweigh any scene of mergers and acquisitions, financing and listed in the past. However, actually, as Porter (1985) points out, strong competitors can bring about the strategic benefits to Nokia, for example, increasing competitive advantage, absorbing demand fluctuations and enhancing the ability to differentiate. Honestly, the prediction of development prospect for Nokia is not so optimistic that no one will know the outcome that whether it can go through the difficulty. However, just because of this painful experience I believe that Nokia will carefully concern about and profoundly rethink its failing past. Is it the too fast expanding speed, bigotry to the old Symbian system or the despising attitude towards the small role of Android system resulting in today’s fading? But the reason cannot be important anymore, since MOTOROLA, Ericsson and Alcatel failed before, representing the clustered regularity of different events in the long river of history. References Porter, M. (1985). On competition. Boston: Harvard business press Porter, M. (1985). Competitive advantage: Creating and Sustaining Superior Performance. London: Collier Macmillan Publishers Munchbach, A. (2011). Android grabs 53% of global smartphone market share; iOS 50% of application revenues. Available from: http://www. bgr. com/2011/05/19/android-grabs-53-of-global-smartphone-market-share-ios-50-of-application-revenues/ [accessed 19 May 2011] O’Brien, K. (2007). Nokia profit soars as market share nears 40%. The New York Times. Available from: http://www. nytimes. com/2007/10/18/business/worldbusiness/18iht-nokia. 4. 7948524. html? _r=1 [accessed 18 October 2007] Chart: Bibliography ——————————————– [ 1 ]. NAVTEQ is a Chicago-based provider of Geographic Information Systems (GIS) data and is a major provider of base electronic navigable maps. The company is a wholly owned subsidiary of Nokia but operates independently. How to cite The Fading Nokia, Essay examples

How To Maintain A Computer System Essay free essay sample

, Research Paper How to Keep A Computer System Get down a notebook that includes information on your system. This notebook should be a individual beginning of information about your full system, both hardware and package. Each clip you make a alteration to your system, adding or taking hardware or package, record the alteration. Always include the consecutive Numberss of all equipment, seller support Numberss, and print outs for cardinal system files. Second sporadically review disc directories and delete unnecessary files. Files have a manner of constructing up and can rapidly utilize up your disc infinite. If you think you may necessitate a file in the hereafter, back it up to a disc. At a lower limit, you should hold a system disc with your command.com, autoexec.bat, and config.sys files. If your system clangs, these files will assist you acquire it traveling once more. In add-on, back up any files with an extension of. We will write a custom essay sample on How To Maintain A Computer System Essay or any similar topic specifically for you Do Not WasteYour Time HIRE WRITER Only 13.90 / page sys. For Windows systems, all files with an extension of.ini and.grp should besides be backed up. Next any clip you work indoors you computing machine turn off the power and unplug the equipment signifier the power beginning. Before you touch anything inside the computing machine, touch and unpainted metal surface such a s the power supply. This will assist to dispatch any inactive electricity that could damage internal constituents. Now you should sporadically, defragment your difficult disc. Defragmenting your difficult disc reorganizes files so they are in immediate bunchs and makes disc operations faster. Defragmentation plans have been known to damage files so do certain your disc is backed up foremost. A good thing to make now would be to protect your system from computing machine viruses. Computer viruses are plans designed to infect computing machine systems by copying themselves into other computing machine files. The virus plan spreads when the infected files are used by or copied to another system. Virus plans are unsafe because they are frequently designed to damage the files in a system. You can protect yourself from viruses by put ining an anti-virus plan. Last learn to utilize system diagnostic plans, if they did non come with your system, obtain a set. These plans help you place and perchance work out jobs before you call for proficient aid. Some system industries now include diagnostic plans with their systems and inquire that you run the plans before you call for aid.

Solutions Income Statement and Pearson Education Essay Example

Solutions: Income Statement and Pearson Education Paper As the manager of an phone applications developer, you will make three types of financial decisions. i. You Will make investment decisions such as determining which type of phone application projects will offer your company a positive NAP and therefore your company should develop. Ii. YOLK Will make the decision on how to fund your phone application investments and what mix of debt and equity your company will have. Iii. You will be responsible for the cash management of your company, ensuring that your company has the necessary funds to make investments, pay interest on loans, and pay your employees. Corporate managers favor for the owners of the corporation, Consequently, they should make decisions that are in the interests of the owners, rather than their own. What strategies are available to shareholders to help ensure that managers are motivated to act this way? Shareholders can do the tooling. i. Ensure that employees are paid with coronary stock and/or stock options. Ii, Ensure that underperforming managers are fired. Iii. Write contracts that ensure that the interests of the managers and shareholders are closely aligned, iv. Mount hostile takeovers. 1-10. Suppose you are considering renting an apartment. You, the renter, can be viewed as an agent while the company that owns the apartment can be viewed as the principal. What principalities conflicts do you anticipate? Suppose, instead, that you favor for the apartment company. What features would you put into the lease agreement that would give the renter incentives to take good care of the apartment? The agent (renter) will not take the same care of the apartment as the principal (owner), because the renter does not share in the costs of fixing damage to the apartment. We will write a custom essay sample on Solutions: Income Statement and Pearson Education specifically for you for only $16.38 $13.9/page Order now We will write a custom essay sample on Solutions: Income Statement and Pearson Education specifically for you FOR ONLY $16.38 $13.9/page Hire Writer We will write a custom essay sample on Solutions: Income Statement and Pearson Education specifically for you FOR ONLY $16.38 $13.9/page Hire Writer To mitigate this problem, having the renter pay a deposit should motivate the renter to keep damages to a minimum. The deposit forces the renter to share in the costs of fixing any problems that are caused by the renter. You are the CEO of a company and you are considering entering into an agreement to have your company buy another company, You think the price might be too high, but you will be the CEO of the combined, much larger company, You know that when the company gets bigger, your pay and prestige will increase. What is the nature tooth agency conflict here and how is it related to ethical considerations? There is an ethical dilemma when the CEO of a firm has opposite incentives to those of the shareholders. In this case, o (as the CEO) have an incentive to potentially overpay for another company (which would be damaging to your shareholders) because your pay and prestige will improve. Are hostile takeovers necessarily bad for firms or their investors? Explain. No. They are a way to discipline managers who are not working in the interests of shareholders. What is the difference between a public and private corporation? The shares of a public corporation are traded on an exchange (or over the counter in an electronic trading system) while the shares Of a private corporation are not traded on a public exchange. Explain why the bid-ask spread s a transaction cost. Investors always buy at the ask and sell at the bid. Since ask prices always exceed bid prices, investors lose this difference. It is one of the costs Of transacting. Since the market makers take the Other side Of the trade, they make this difference. -12. 1-13. -14. 02011 Pearson Education, Inc. Publishing as Prentice Hall Beer/Demeanor ; Corporate Finance, Second Edition I-IS. The following quote on Yahoo! Stock appeared on February 11, 2009, on Yahoo! Finance: If you wanted to buy Yahoo, what price would you pay? How much would you receive if you wanted to sell Yahoo!? You would buy at $12. 54 and sell for $12. 53. 02011 Pearson Education, Inc. Publishing as Prentice Hall Ch apter 2 Introduction to Financial Statement Analysis 2-1. What four financial statements can be found in a firms 10-K filing? What checks are there on the accuracy of these statements? In a firms 10-K filing, four financial statements can be found: the balance sheet, the income statement, the statement of cash flows, and the statement of stockholders equity. Financial statements in form ASK are required to be audited by a neutral third party, who checks and ensures that the financial statements are prepared according to GAP and that the information contained is reliable. 2-2. Who reads financial statements? List at least three different categories of people, For each category, provide an example tooth type to information they might be interested in and discuss why. Users of financial statements include present and potential investors, financial analysts, and other interested outside parties (such as lenders, suppliers and other trade creditors, and customers). V-uncial managers within the firm also use the financial statements when making financial decisions, Investors, Investors are concerned with the risk inherent in ND return provided by their investments. Bondholders use the firms financial statements to assess the ability of the company to make its debt Stockholders use the statements to assess the firms profitability and ability to make future dividend payments. Financial analysts. Financial analysts gather financial information, analyze it, and make recommendations. They read financial statements to determine a firms value and project future earnings, so that they can provide guidance to businesses and individuals to help them With their investment decisions. Managers. Managers use financial statement o look at trends in their own business, and to compare their own results with that of competitors. 23. Find the most recent financial statements for Cutbacks corporation (SUBS) using the following sources: a. From the companys Web site www. V. Trucks. Com (Hint : Search for investor relations. ) b. From the SEC Web site femmes. Gob. (Hint : Search for company filings in the EDGAR database. ) c. From the Yahoo! Finance Web site http://financially. Com. D. From at least one other source. (Hint : Enter SUBS ASK at mow. Google. Com. ) Each method will help find the same SEC filings. Yahoo! Finance also provides some analysis such as harts and key statistics. Beer/Demeanor ; Corporate Finance, Second Edition 24 Consider the following potential events that might have occurred to Global Conglomerate on December 30, 2009. For each one, indicate which line items in Globally balance sheet would be affected and by how much. Also indicate the change to Globally book value of equity. A. C. Global used $20 million of its available cash to repay $20 million Of its long-term debt Global used AS million in cash and $5 million in new long-term debt to purchase a $10 million building. B. A warehouse fire destroyed $5 million worth Of uninsured inventory. . A large customer owing 53 million for products it already received declared bankruptcy, leaving no possibility that Global would ever receive payment. E. . A. B. C. Globally engineers discover a new manufacturing process that will cut the cost of its flagship product by over 50%, A key competitor announces a radical new pricing policy that will drastically undercut Globally prices. Long- term liabilities would decrease by $20 million, and cash would decrease by the same amount. The book value of equity would be unchanged. Inventory would decrease by million, a s would the book value of equity. Long-term assets old increase by $10 million, cash would decrease by $5 million, and longer liabilities would increase by AS million.

A Critical Study of William Faulkner by Irving Howe

A Critical Study of William Faulkner by Irving Howe As one of the most important figures in 20th-century American literature,  Ã¢â‚¬â€¹Ã¢â‚¬â€¹William Faulkners works include The Sound and the Fury (1929), As I Lay Dying (1930), and Absalom, Absalom (1936). Taking into consideration Faulkners greatest works and thematic development, Irving Howe writes, The scheme of my book is simple. He wanted to explore the social and moral themes in Faulkners books, and then he provides an analysis of Faulkners important works. Search for Meaning: Moral and Social Themes Faulkners writings often deal with the search for meaning, racism, the connection between past and present, and with social and moral burdens. Much of his writing was drawn from the history of the South and of his family. He was born and raised in Mississippi, so the stories of the South were ingrained into him, and he used this material in his greatest novels. Unlike earlier American writers, like  Ã¢â‚¬â€¹Melville and  Ã¢â‚¬â€¹Ã¢â‚¬â€¹Whitman, Faulkner wasnt writing about an established American myth. He was writing about the decayed fragments of myth, with the Civil War, slavery and so many other events hanging in the background. Irving explains that this dramatically different backdrop is one reason his language is so often tortured, forced and even incoherent. Faulkner was searching for a way to make sense of it all. Failure: A Unique Contribution Faulkners first two books were failures, but then he created The Sound and the Fury, a work for which he would become famous. Howe writes, the extraordinary growth of the books to come will arise from his discovery of his native insight: the Southern memory, the Southern myth, the Southern reality. Faulkner was, after all, unique. There has been no other quite like him. He seemed to see the world in a new way forever, as Howe points out. Never satisfied with the familiar and well-worn, Howe writes that Faulkner did something that no other writer except James Joyce has been able to do when he exploited the stream-of-consciousness technique. But, Faulkners approach to literature was tragic, as he explored the cost and heavy the weight of human existence. Sacrifice may be the key to salvation for those who stand ready to bear the cost and suffer the weight. Perhaps, it was only that Faulkner was able to see true cost.

English to Become the Official and Obligatory Language of the Internet

English to Become the Official and Obligatory Language of the Internet English to Become the Official and Obligatory Language of the Internet English to Become the Official and Obligatory Language of the Internet By Daniel Scocco The Central Authority for Internet Control (CAIC) announced today that they plan to make English the official and obligatory language of the Internet, and that by 2010 all the web pages should already be using English exclusively. The objective of this regulation is to make the access to information universal and convergent. Owners of websites that currently display information in other languages will have two years to translate all their content, else they risk getting shut down. Here is a quote from the spokesman of the central authority: Currently the different languages used on the Internet make it difficult both for search engines and human users to find and compare information across different sources. We know that the migration towards a English-based web will present challenges, but we believe that it is a move in the right direction. Personally I think that this is a stupid regulation. They will force people to translate their web pages? What if someone does not know English? There are many problems involved with it, as you can see. Time will tell if they will manage to make this effective or not. If you have a website that is not in English, however, it would be a good idea to start talking with your hosting provider to see if they will comply with the new regulation. If so you will need to start translating your pages as soon as possible. Want to improve your English in five minutes a day? Get a subscription and start receiving our writing tips and exercises daily! Keep learning! Browse the General category, check our popular posts, or choose a related post below:70 Idioms with Heart36 Poetry Terms50 Synonyms for â€Å"Villain†

History of Wireless Electricity Research Paper Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 2000 words

History of Wireless Electricity - Research Paper Example When Maxwell presented a theory about electro-magnetic theory it stimulated the scientific environment and scientific investigators from all over the world started to look for its experimental proof or authentication. In fact, the scientists and investigators were sure about that it can be survived and achieved in an environment of keen anticipation, strangely encouraging to the response of any proof to this conclusion. Without a doubt, the history of science reveals that ideas and concepts are unpreserved. In fact, every new idea and concept beings improved perspective and understanding of nature and the environment and as a result of this improvement our thoughts and concepts are adapted and improved (Tesla, 2006; Bomber, 2006; Shinohara, 2010). Actually, in the 1891, Dr. Hertz did not present a new theory or an opinion. On the other hand, he just presented his ideas regarding equipment and how it supports to the theory which had already been presented by some other scientists. If we would have taken notice of it then it was not surprising that an electric circuit, processed through an interrupted current, release a wide variety of space signals, however nobody else ever tried to understand their character. So, Dr. Hertz was the first who actually presented a practical authentication that there were transversal signals and waves in the atmosphere. In this scenario, the majority of people considered this thought as his huge achievement. However, in actual fact it can be seen that the eternal value of this theory or idea was not so much in this theory as in the getting the concentration of investigators on the actions are being performed in the ambient means Hence, it gave the Hertz-wave theory a huge importance in the history of wireless energy transmission, in view of the fact that its charming control over the thoughts, had hushed resourceful endeavor in the wireless energy sector as well as retained it for more than twenty-five years (Tesla, 2006; Bomber, 2 006; Shinohara, 2010). However, in contrast, it does not seem feasible to allow too much for the positive and valuable consequences of the influential motivations that it has given in a number of fields. In fact, with regards to the transmission of signals and wires without using wires, the use of these radiations of this operation was absolutely clear. In addition, many times Dr. Hertz was asked the questions about the feasibility and usefulness of such kind of transmission model, and he never thought so, however in the end he was accurate in his prediction. In this scenario, one of the best ways that someone might have anticipated was a way of transmission of signals and communication like the heliographic and causes to experience the same or even more restrictions (Tesla, 2006; Bomber, 2006; Shinohara, 2010). Figure 1Tesla Tower, Image Source: (Mohammed, Ramasamy, & Shanmuganantham, 2010) It was the spring of 1891 when Dr. Nikola Tesla delivered a presentation using a high freque ncy machine at the American Institute of Electrical Engineers (AIEE) at Columbia College. This demonstration actually formed the basis of an original and hopefully departure. Even though, at that time there had been presented a large number of theories and laws on the subject of electrical resonance, however none of the theory actually focused on experimental and practical authentication of these facts. Hence, it is believed that the experiments performed by Dr. Nikola Tesla are believed to be the first public demonstration

Pharrell Williams and Robin Thicke Versus Marvin Gayes Case Essay - 1

Pharrell Williams and Robin Thicke Versus Marvin Gayes Case - Essay Example Marvin’s children said that the money they demanded was what they believed their father would have been given had he signed his song with the label. Robin and Williams argued that the family only had a right to the sheet music and not the sound. In fact, earlier they had sued Marvin’s estates in order to stop them from going ahead with their copyright infringement case. However, they both did not claim to have written this song together but independently. They held on to their innocence and said they were not through with the case yet. An additional $8000 is also to be added to the amount given to Marvin Gaye’s estate. This case has brought down Williams reputation as a songwriter as he was ordered to pay $1.6 million while Robin $1.7 million (Grow). Copyright infringement occurs when anybody breaches the restricted rights of another person’s material whether words, sound or pictures. This rule is seen as theft as the violator uses a copyrighted material without the owner’s authorization (Campbell, Cotter & Center for International Legal Studies, 2). Even though the two songs do not have the same sound, the words in the two songs are similar and this constitutes a breach. The two musicians have violated Marvin Gaye’s song even though they argue that the sheet music is what Gaye copyrighted.

Violence enforcement of City Urban Management officers Essay Example for Free

Violence enforcement of City Urban Management officers Essay City Urban Management Enforcement Bureau is a local government agency in mainland China that is in charge of maintaining the order of daily business activities of markets and streets in cities. This Bureau was established to deal with the increasing problems when China is in the process of rapid urbanization in these years. However, it’s notorious for abusing power and violent enforcement. Reported by Feng(2008), â€Å"on January 7, a man was beaten to death by a group of city administrators for filming their violent enforcement of an expired contract in Wanba Village in central Chinas Tianmen City, Hubei Province†( ¶ 1). This kind of conflict occasionally happens everywhere in mainland china in these years for more and more rural people come to cities to find more jobs and opportunities. The City Urban Management Enforcement Bureau which is set up to handle cases with vendors and the environment of cities now becomes a violator of human right. As mentioned in â€Å"Killing sparks protests in China†(2008) â€Å"This para-police force, equipped with steel helmets and stab-proof vests, is often used by local officials as trouble-shooters†( ¶ 13). How can law enforcement professionals become lawbreakers? The investigation combining with the living experience in mainland China shows that the three common causes for this problem are are poor communication, profit driven and lack of regulations. These have led to the bad behavior of those officers. The first cause of violence enforcement is the poor communication because of low education level. The officers are responsible for cracking done on no-license vendors and tackle with some low-level criminals so that they mainly deal with the low-income group of people who are mainly formed by the rural migrant workers or villagers in a city. Those people usually don’t have a very high education level. According to the 2009 migrant workers monitoring survey report (2009), over 75% migrant workers only have junior high school education or below(n.p.). While the communication skills and education level of the officers are also low. From the report of Ramzy  (2009), â€Å"officers were often drawn from the ranks of laid-off workers from state-owned enterprises and given little training in law enforcement†( ¶ 10). So the only way they can complete their mission is to treat the vendors violently to warn them not to break the rules again. Both sides in this conflict have difficulties to understand each other and when either of them is irritable and impulsive, violent confrontations may happen. The second cause of abusing of power and violence enforcement is the officers can earn profit from punish those poor guys, which drive them beat defenseless people on the street and take all they have without any mercy or sympathy. Li (2006) observed that â€Å"those peddlers who are a little slow often suffer, as the law enforcers snatch away their merchandise, tools and handcarts. The peddlers are made to pay fines, which the law enforcers have the right to levy for a series of misdemeanors† ( ¶ 8). For the people who are too poor to afford the fines, the officer some time ruin the handcarts and tools of the vendors and divide misdemeanors with their colleagues. It is more or less similar to the triad threatening for protection fees on the street. This profit drives the officer in chasing the vendors and use violence to force them to surrender without any respect to human right. The senior level of the government is also responsible for such violate events because they indulge their staff and do not come up with any strict regulations to restrict their behaviors. Though those two causes mentioned above truly have effect on the behavior of the Urban Management Officers, the third one is the most obvious and serious cause of abusing of power and violence enforcement. Some indirect evidences show that some of the violate enforcement events even happens with the acquiescence of the senior government. A common situation is that the leaders of the Bureau only want their officers to clean out all the vendors on the street no matter what they do to achieve it. Just like Ramzy said (2009), â€Å"Its precisely because the Chinese bureaucracys idea of an ideal city doesnt include peddlers and street vendors that the [urban management officers] developed into such a powerful institution† ( ¶ 8). And when the violence enforcement event is exposed, they are always shifting the responsibility to their staff or some one else and do not consider their responsibility of regulation. The events  of abusing of power and violence enforcement will continue happening unless the local government set up strict regulations and punish the officers who break the law. The abusing of power and violent enforcement of urban management officers is a tough problem with several causes and complex background, but it is not impossible to solve as long as the government takes effective actions such as providing necessary training to the officers and restricting their behavior. Though the vendors or villagers break the law first, it can not be the reason to abuse someone and violate his human right. Every one participating in dealing with such troubles should remember that consideration and respect are the best solutions but not violation and conflict. Reference: Killing sparks protests in China. (2008 January 9). BBC News. Retrieved 29 September 29, 2011 from World Wide Web: http://news.bbc.co.uk/2/hi/asia-pacific/7178382.stm Feng Yiran. (January 12, 2008). Man Beaten to Death for Filming City Administrators Brutality. The Epoch Times. Retrieved 29 September 29, 2011 from World Wide Web: http://en.epochtimes.com/news/8-1-12/63964.html Austin Ramzy. (May 21, 2009). Above the Law? Chinas Bully Law-Enforcement Officers. Time magazine. Retrieved 29 September 29, 2011 from World Wide Web: http://www.time.com/time/world/article/0,8599,1899773,00.html Li Xing. (17 August 2006). Services must be improved for better law enforcement. China Daily. Retrieved 29 September 29, 2011 from World Wide Web: http://www.chinadaily.com.cn/opinion/2006-08/17/content_666765.htm Guo Shipeng and Benjamin Kang Lim. (April 10, 2007). Chinese sausage seller spared execution. Sign on San Diego. Retrieved 29 September 29, 2011 from World Wide Web: http://legacy.signonsandiego.com/news/world/20070410-0229-china-crime-.html

The Progression of Human Rights Throughout History Essay -- American A

The strides that have been taken regarding human rights have made it impossible to forget the many memorable landmarks throughout history. Events dealing with civil liberties are especially important in the United States. The Revolutionary War and the passage of the nineteenth amendment are two such occurrences. The history of both the United States and human rights has not come without a fight. Americans have adapted to changes in living styles which allowed the country to battle through shifting times in order to survive. One of the first instances of the evolution of rights is made apparent in the expressions of Plato in the story Crito. Plato was accustomed to politics in the Athenian world; however, he chose to excel in philosophy. Plato believed that knowledge demonstrated truth and goodness in all people. In Crito, Socrates uses his knowledge as he attempts to explain to Crito that he must serve his prison sentence. Socrates believed that if he disapproved of the law in which he broke, he had ample time to do something about it, but he chose to live and abide by the rules and therefore must suffer the consequences to carry out true justice. During the time of Socrates, the people and the government went hand-in-hand; they were in agreement. If a person chose to reside in a city, it meant that that individual decided to follow and carry out all laws that had previously been enforced by the government. The city of Athens provided education, protection, and the mere existence of life to Socrates. In return, he was under the idea that he was required to serve his community. Since Socrates had accepted the Athenian culture into his life, he believed that he should be punished for committing wrongful acts against the city’... ...ww.sas.upenn.edu/African_Studies/Articles_Gen/Letter_Birmingham.html. Locke, John. â€Å"The Second Treatise of Civil Government.† Translated by Jawaid Bazyar Online. Internet. Jan. 1999. Available. http://www.constitution.org/jl/2ndtreat.htm. Plato. The Trials of Socrates. â€Å"Crito.† Translated by Reeve, C. D. C.. 2002 edition: p62-78. â€Å"The Declaration of Independence of the Thirteen Colonies.† Indiana University School of Law in Bloomington. Online. Internet. April 2002. Available. http://www.law.indiana. edu/uslawdocs/declaration.html. â€Å"The Virginia Declaration of Rights.† From Revolution to Reconstruction. Online. Internet. March 2003. Available. http://www.usconstitution.net/vdeclar.html. â€Å"Universal Declaration of Human Rights.† Department of Public Information. Online. Internet. Dec. 1998. Available. http://www.un.org/rights/50/decla.htm.

“Comparing Male and Female Sports ” Eassy

ITCW 11/20/12 Essay from page381 #5 Essay on Male and Female sports teams I personally agree with what the author wrote about in his writing. If you take a look at how both men and women play sports, you will clearly see that not only are men more aggressive with the sports they play; but they also treat each other more aggressively than girls do. If a guy was to be playing football and dropped a pass chances are he will get a lot of grief from his teammates and they might harass him about it for weeks.While if a girl made a mistake playing her sport chances are the girls will try to help her get better. Instead of showing her tough love like their male counter parts would. For the guys I think they act how they act and show tough love and aggression to each other because they normally have to fight and act tough with each other to stand out. Look how guys socialize they normally are insulting and calling each other names.Playing of course but none the less they do it, I believe some forum of that has just carried on to the sports they play. Also guys tend to break into groups more so than their female counter part. Guys who are good at a sport will usually hang out and socialize with other athletes who stand out, leaving the ones who are not as good behind. For girls like I said in my previous paragraph, they normally can keep their cool and know how to talk to each other better during the heat of the moment unlike the guys.This is typically due to the fact that like I previously said the girls tend to help each other more then the guys do. While the guys are cirdasizing each other; the girls who are the stand out stars are helping the girls who are not as good as them. Which in the long run might make it so the girls get a better understanding of the meaning â€Å"Team Sports†? There are also other reasons one must remember when comparing male and female sports teams.For instance Guys normally have to act a certain way and out do his male counter parts when he is in the work field to stand out or even receive a promotion, While normally girls won’t have to act as cut throat as guys in the work field. Which could explain why girl sports teams show more â€Å"team sportsmanship†? All in all both male and female act a certain way when they play sports Now when it comes to how they act, that all just depends on how mature they are and how they are as a person.Me personally I think more so for guys, when they are in the middle of a football game or basketball and a teammate makes a critical mistake. They might over react or say something that might sound a bit harsh but one must remember they are â€Å"In the heat of battle†. So typically what is being said isn’t always how they truly feel about each other. I also believe that girls have more pations then guys do and are more willing to help someone who isn’t as good as them. So that is why girl teams help each other more and show more team sportsman ship.

Aftermath – creative writing

BANG! I woke. I opened my eyes but was unable to see. The dust had settled like concrete boulders into the corners of my eyes! Everything was deadly still. The wind fiercely gave a shout. A black cloud stood dominating the demolished town. I moved my hands to wipe my irritated eyes, boulders, brickwork, broken furniture and complete devastation stood before me. A ray of light appeared through cracks of the rubble. The boulders took on features like monsters and ogres – making my chest tighten with fear. I vociferated for help. No one was around. I was scared: Petrified. I managed to pull my achy bones out from the debris, the pain was horrific. I could feel the cold misty wind stroke my face. In the far distance I could hear low voices that became louder and louder: hysterical screams. I attempted to crawl my way towards the noise – in hope for help. Shards of glass dug into the palms of my hands. Warm blood trickled down my knees, my throat tightened with the dirty dense dust. I could taste the fear. Behind me I heard a crackle. I turned. The flames of fire danced before my eyes. The heat scorched my face like the hottest sauna could. The smoke was a ferocious lion ready to pounce. I moved as quickly as I could, using all the energy I had. Slowly crawling like a young baby. I felt hopeless: disconsolate! The further I crawled the louder the low voices became. It was a horrendous atmosphere! The town had become a tragedy! Buildings around me had collapsed surrounded with sneaky smoke, brickwork and furniture were slowly burning away, the air was thick full of unknown flumes, why wasn't anyone around? What had happened? No building stood tall, burnt out office work scattered the debris, ashes and litter played in the wind. My body filled with just one emotion: anxiety. Cars around me were smashed and strangled with fire. I watched in dismay. Crashing noises appeared. Brickwork collapsed- followed with a speechless smash. More rubble fell with bold broken bang! Screaming voices emerged. I crawled towards the screams. I was able to hear sirens wailing in the faint distance carried by the wind. I began to see flashing lights though the dark debris. There was only one word to describe it: hope. Suddenly I glimpsed with the squint of the eye. The site of panicked people was ahead of me. My heart skipped a beat. I shouted, â€Å"Hello, can you hear me†. No one replied. â€Å"Can you hear me?† I screamed. I waited. I listened. A young lady ran over to me. â€Å"Its okay, you're safe now,† announced the lady. â€Å"What's happened? What's happened?† I repeated. She didn't answer. She grabbed my arm and wrapped it round her neck giving me support. We approached the flashing lights. Countless amounts of ambulances and fire engines appeared. Hundreds of people were gathered staring at the ruined town. Many people were hysterically screaming and crying. Dead bodies were covered with white cloths. I became speechless. Tears ran down my face. â€Å"Its over, you survived†, quietly explained the young lady. I took a big breath. I closed my eyes. I thought. One word repeated through my head: lucky.

Internet ; Society Essay Essay Example

Internet ; Society Essay Essay Example Internet ; Society Essay Essay Internet ; Society Essay Essay The universe is altering and many new engineerings are being developed continuously. Our day-to-day life is affected by these alterations. The alterations will go faster in future. Internet is one most of import consequence of altering engineerings. It has become a portion of our day-to-day life. Every new engineering has its ain effects. Some of them are positive and some may be negative. We should avoid the negative effects. Technology should be used in a positive mode. otherwise it will destruct us. Internet is an astonishing creative activity of the engineering. The whole universe is affected by it and all people are straight or indirectly related with it. Internet is highly helpful for legion individuals. Students take aid of cyberspace for their prep. Investors use cyberspace for the information about stocks. Sport fans watch mark and statistics. Internet has taken the topographic point of telecasting. Today cyberspace is same as the telecasting in 1940-50s. Internet is more utile and advantageous than telecasting. But it is non possible for every individual to utilize the cyberspace. Internet besides created an consequence on the print media and it is bit by bit replacing the print media because a magazine or newspaper can be published at a really low cost on the cyberspace. There is no demand of ink and paper on the cyberspace and fewer workers are required. That’s why print media is taking the advantage of cyberspace. Internet is the chief ground behind the revolution in society. Because of the cyberspace. communicating between the different states. societies. communities became possible. Before the cyberspace engineering there was no other communicating system being so huge to show the thoughts and the feelings. Through cyberspace informations. voice. and video communicating is possible. Largely people avoid talking to unknown individual. Internet has proved really utile for such sort of people. because they talk with people without demoing their age. expressions and category. Peoples find many friends through the cyberspace. Many public sites provide this installation. Peoples can derive many friends through these sites. Many immature people are gaining money with the aid of cyberspace by web designing. game building. working as a free-lance author. It means internet provides many chances for the people. Internet has shrunk the universe. Today each state is connected with another state with the aid of cyberspace. Peoples of one state or society are going familiar with the civilization of another state or society. With the aid of cyberspace the people who have knowledge got their place in the society. At present online shopping has become really popular. Peoples are purchasing merchandises from their place with the aid of the cyberspace. People buy merchandises at low cost from the cyberspace as comparison to market because companies can salvage money of stores and workers in on-line shopping. United province based company Amazon. com is the best illustration of online shopping company. Peoples can happen each and every thing at lower cost on this web site. In recent old ages some companies have allowed their employees to work at place with the aid of cyberspace because workplace has become really nerve-racking and the pollution besides increased in some last old ages. This is really advantageous because a individual can salvage money and clip by working from place. The Internet provides freedom of address. The people who don’t have bravery can convey their thoughts with the aid of cyberspace without any fright. With the aid of cyberspace now people are globally connected. A individual can pass on with the individual of other portion of the word at any clip through cyberspace. Now people are connected socially and professionally by the usage of cyberspace. Internet is really suited and low-cost medium of communicating. Today we can put an order merely by snaping a button. Now we can book hotels. flights and train tickets online. Internet made the communicating easy. Now we can pass on with the aid of electronic mail. picture conferencing. instant messaging. and Voice over Internet Proxy ( VoIP ) . Peoples can easy acquire information with the aid of cyberspace because there is a really immense database on the cyberspace related with each object. Peoples are happening occupations with the aid of cyberspace. We can subject many signifiers online. which saves clip. On cyberspace we can make up ones mind that which intelligence or information we want to read. Internet is besides playing an of import function in the field of amusement. We can play many games and work out mystifiers. Songs can be listened on-line and we can watch pictures on cyberspace. There are some bad effects besides. because of the cyberspace on the society. Pornography is a really bad consequence of the cyberspace. Sexual stuff is easy available on cyberspace and society is accepting this stuff without vacillation. Because of this involvement of the people in sex is increasing twenty-four hours by twenty-four hours. As a consequence. sex-related offenses are increasing continuously. Because of the cyberspace a batch of occupations have been lost. because a little figure of people are required to run a site. Because of the on-line shopping people do non go forth their place. This is a ground behind the many diseases such as fleshiness. Online shopping is non helpful for the local economic system because most of these on-line shopping sites are international. Internet is non ever dependable. because there is a hazard of interrupting the privateness. There is everything is in the signifier of binary information. On cyberspace we are dependent on others for our privateness. We can non certainly protect our information. With the aid of informations mining our information can be theft. Copyright job has become a great job now yearss. Identity of a individual can be theft with the aid of cyberspace. There are many other bad effects of the cyberspace such as meeting with the people whom you met online. giving personal information to a complete alien. giving incorrect information. A individual can be easy cheated by the cyberspace. Many terrorists are utilizing cyberspace engineering for communicating by utilizing a incorrect reference. Child erotica. recognition card frauds. espionage. on-line still hunt. snatchs are some other bad effects of the cyberspace on the society. Now it can be said that it depends on us how internet affects society. Internet can be proved really utile if we use it in a positive way. Many Torahs are made for forestalling internet offenses. but these offenses are still at that place. There is a demand of enforcement of these Torahs. Internet can be really utile for the society. It is the best medium of communicating and it can be said a good platform for showing your thoughts. There are a batch of alterations in the society because of the cyberspace. Internet enhanced the position of the life. Today information and instruction about the safe usage of computing machine has become really of import. There are many disadvantages of the cyberspace. but I think it has truly improved our lives. There is a demand of instruction and enforcement of the Torahs. Mentions Cole J. I. The Impact of the Internet on Our Social. Political and Economic Life. The UCCLA Center for communicating Policy. 2000. Cuizon. G. Internet Crime: How Does It Affect Our Society? . April 15. 2008. Retrieved February 24. 2009 from hypertext transfer protocol: //www. socyberty. com/Crime/Internet-Crime-How-Does-It-Affect-Our-Society. 109754 Nie. N. Study of societal Consequences of the Internet. Stanford Institute of the Quantitative Study of Society ( SIQSS ) . 2000. Professionals and cons of the Internet in today’s society. Retrieved February 24. 2009 from hypertext transfer protocol: //www. He. com/items/779510-pros-and-cons-of-the-internet-in-todays-society Purdy. R. The Internet- Boon or Detriment to Society? Retrieved February 24. 2009 from hypertext transfer protocol: //iml. jou. ufl. edu/projects/STUDENTS/Purdy/INDEX. HTM Rajani. M. K. A ; Chandio. M. S. Use of Internet and its effects on our Society. Retrieved February 24. 2009 from hypertext transfer protocol: //www. szabist. edu. pk/ncet2004/Docs/Session % 20VIII % 20Paper % 20No % 202 % 20 ( P % 20157-161 ) . pdf The Internet’s Effect on Society. November 19. 2001. Retrieved February 24. 2009 from hypertext transfer protocol: //www. bbc. co. uk/dna/h2g2/A650684

History of Ecuadors San Francisco De Quito

History of Ecuador's San Francisco De Quito The city of San Francisco de Quito (generally simply called Quito) is the capital of Ecuador and the second-largest city in the nation after Guayaquil. It is centrally located on a plateau high in the Andes Mountains. The city has a long and interesting history dating from pre-Colombian times to the present. Pre-Colombian Quito Quito occupies a temperate, fertile plateau high (9,300 feet/2,800 meters above sea level) in the Andes Mountains. It has a good climate and has been occupied by people for a long time. The first settlers were the Quitu people: they were eventually subjugated by the Caras culture. Sometime in the fifteenth century, the city and region were conquered by the mighty Inca Empire, based out of Cuzco to the south. Quito prospered under the Inca and soon became the second most important city in the Empire. The Inca Civil War Quito was plunged into civil war sometime around 1526. Inca ruler Huayna Capac died (possibly of smallpox) and two of his many sons, Atahualpa and Huscar, began to fight over his empire. Atahualpa had the support of Quito, whereas Huscars power base was in Cuzco. More importantly for Atahualpa, he had the support of three powerful Inca generals: Quisquis, Chalcuchima, and Rumià ±ahui. Atahualpa prevailed in 1532 after his forces routed Huscars at the gates of Cuzco. Huscar was captured and would later be executed on Atahualpas orders. The Conquest of Quito In 1532 Spanish conquistadors under Francisco Pizarro arrived and took Atahualpa captive. Atahualpa was executed in 1533, which turned as-yet unconquered Quito against the Spanish invaders, as Atahualpa was still much beloved there. Two different expeditions of conquest converged on Quito in 1534, led by Pedro de Alvarado and Sebastin de Benalczar respectively. The people of Quito were tough warriors and fought the Spanish every step of the way, most notably at the Battle of Teocajas. Benalczar arrived first only to find that Quito had been razed by general Rumià ±ahui to spite the Spanish. Benalczar was one of 204 Spaniards to formally establish Quito as a Spanish city on December 6, 1534, a date which is still celebrated in Quito. Quito During the Colonial Era Quito prospered during the colonial era. Several religious orders including the Franciscans, Jesuits, and Augustinians arrived and built elaborate churches and convents. The city became a center for Spanish colonial administration. In 1563 it became a Real Audiencia under the supervision of the Spanish Viceroy in Lima: this meant that there were judges in Quito who could rule on legal proceedings. Later, administration of Quito would pass to the Viceroyalty of New Granada in present-day Colombia. The Quito School of Art During the Colonial era, Quito became know for the high-quality religious art produced by the artists who lived there. Under the tutelage of Franciscan Jodoco Ricke, the Quitan students began producing high-quality works of art and sculpture in the 1550’s: the â€Å"Quito School of Art† would eventually acquire very specific and unique characteristics. Quito art is characterized by syncretism: that is, a mixture of Christian and native themes. Some paintings feature Christian figures in Andean scenery or following local traditions: a famous painting in Quito’s cathedral features Jesus and his disciples eating guinea pig (a traditional Andean food) at the last supper. The August 10 Movement In 1808, Napoleon invaded Spain, captured the King and put his own brother on the throne. Spain was thrown into turmoil: a competing Spanish government was set up and the country was at war with itself. Upon hearing the news, a group of concerned citizens in Quito staged a rebellion on August 10, 1809: they took control of the city and informed the Spanish colonial officials that they would rule Quito independently until such a time as the King of Spain were restored. The Viceroy in Peru responded by sending an army to quash the rebellion: the August 10 conspirators were thrown in a dungeon. On August 2, 1810, the people of Quito tried to break them out: the Spanish repelled the attack and massacred the conspirators in custody. This gruesome episode would help keep Quito mostly on the sidelines of the struggle for independence in northern South America. Quito was finally liberated from the Spanish on May 24, 1822, at the Battle of Pichincha: among the heroes of the battle were Field Marshal Antonio Josà © de Sucre and local heroine Manuela Senz. The Republican Era After independence, Ecuador was at first part of the Republic of Gran Colombia: the republic fell apart in 1830 and Ecuador became an independent nation under first President Juan Josà © Flores. Quito continued to flourish, although it remained a relatively small, sleepy provincial town. The greatest conflicts of the time were between liberals and conservatives. In a nutshell, conservatives preferred a strong central government, limited voting rights (only wealthy men of European descent) and a strong connection between church and state. Liberals were just the opposite: they preferred stronger regional governments, universal (or at least expanded) suffrage and no connection whatsoever between church and state. This conflict often turned bloody: conservative president Gabriel Garcà ­a Moreno (1875) and liberal ex-president Eloy Alfaro (1912) were both assassinated in Quito. The Modern Era of Quito Quito has continued to slowly grow and has evolved from a tranquil provincial capital to a modern metropolis. It has experienced occasional unrest, such as during the turbulent presidencies of Josà © Marà ­a Velasco Ibarra (five administrations between 1934 and 1972). In recent years, the people of Quito have occasionally taken to the streets to successfully oust unpopular presidents such as Abdal Bucaram (1997) Jamil Mahuad (2000) and Là ºcio Gutià ©rrez (2005). These protests were peaceful for the most part and Quito, unlike many other Latin American cities, has not seen violent civil unrest in some time. Quito’s Historic Center Perhaps because it spent so many centuries as a quiet provincial town, Quitos old colonial center is particularly well-preserved. It was one of UNESCOS first World Heritage sites in 1978. Colonial churches stand side-by-side with elegant Republican homes on airy squares. Quito has invested a great deal recently in restoring what locals call el centro historico and the results are impressive. Elegant theatres such as the Teatro Sucre and Teatro Mà ©xico are open and show concerts, plays and even the occasional opera. A special squad of tourism police is detailed to the old town and tours of old Quito are becoming very popular. Restaurants and hotels are flourishing in the historic city center. Sources: Hemming, John. The Conquest of the Inca London: Pan Books, 2004 (original 1970). Various Authors. Historia del Ecuador. Barcelona: Lexus Editores, S.A. 2010

Logical Fallacies in the World of Advertisement and YouTube Phenomenon Essay

Logical Fallacies in the World of Advertisement and YouTube Phenomenon - Essay Example Advertisement is a birth child of the free market economy although it is not focused in promoting free market. For instance, the advertisers are focused into trying to manipulate consumers so that they buy products or a way of life (Martin, 16). A look at the book Amusing Ourselves To Death by N. Postman gives a clear glimpse of the role and the impact of advertisement in the society today. The people have a tendency of medicating themselves into attaining happiness or bliss; as a result, they sacrifice their rights voluntarily. Aspects of television's entertainment represent a way by which the rights of the consumers for entertainment. This is a similar approach in the area of print media such as the magazines. The issues of politics, as well as religion, can be easily diluted depending on how the advertisement messaged is packaged. This essay paper is an analysis of a particular advertisement in semiotic terms. Therefore, this essay intends to show many ways that advertising works, as well as the extent the impacts of advertisement on the audience and the society. The Lancome advertisement This is an advertisement taken from the Marie Claire magazine. In addition, this advert has appeared in several other magazines. From a reader’s perspective, what catches the eyes of most readers is the ugliness of the model that underwent a makeup (Martin, 22). The image is unattractive but for most people, the choice of color is very fascinating. This advertisement covers a sprawling three pages of the magazine. The image on the first page is of a model who has red hair; this image covers almost the whole page. The female model is a woman although she is quite challenging to guess (Alperstein, 18). The reason for this is that mostly with modeling a 25 year old lady can be made to look like a 25 year old. The model is wearing a hat which is of a blue-turquoise-green. She has a scarf which has shiny palettes and a spiky shape. The background where the model is being photographed is very light colored with rose and peach tones which are dominating the blurring background shapes. The woman seems to move forward, her posture is very dynamic (Alperstein, 21). The following pages which are double ones show the similar model in a dark blue-green make-up (Alperstein, 34). Her picture covers the whole of the left page while on the right page sit indicates a dark blue rose and there is a picture of the cosmetic product which is being advertised (Martin, 31). The advert also gives the web-site address for the product (Martin, 29). By showing information in parts of different elements, the advertisement incorporates fallacies as it is not exclusive on what it is really standing for. In undertaking a semiotic analysis of the advert discussed above, this essay paper intends to apply a framework that was proposed by Chandler, as well as by focusing on the important signifies and what they signify. There are a number of various signifiers that could be easily identified from a critical analysis of the main one obviously being the woman dressed up as an insect. The signified -the mental concept the woman represents is 'change'. Of course, the woman as she is depicted in the photograph also stands for conventional norms of female beauty in the form of a somewhat fragile creature. The woman depicted on the

Tyco International Company Culture Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1500 words

Tyco International Company Culture - Essay Example This research will begin with the statement that ethics signifies the habit, customs, disposition, and significance of an individual. Ethics has been related to honesty and morality conducted by an individual or employee in their personal or professional lives.   Although, there is no widely accepted definition of   business ethics but according to author Lewis it is defined as rules, standards, principles, codes, which provide guidelines   for the morally right behavior and the truthfulness   in certain specific situations It is observed that an organization with a diverse workforce face various situational dilemma and issues arising out of ethical values. Ethics can be termed asset of moral standards that help the managers and the employees to arrive at a unified decision with the stakeholders. The influence of the legal laws on the managerial decision making is huge and has a considerable amount of influence on the personal and professional lives of the people. Tyco Intern ational Ltd It was observed that after the scandalous activity performed by the management of Enron Corporation the share prices of Tyco International started decreasing gradually. Initially, the accountability of the decreasing shares was given to the heavy intraday trading on a particular day which amounted to the US $68 million. However, the share price of the company started decreasing drastically from $4.45 to $ 47.95 per share. The final blow to the employees and the shareholders was when the management announced that the total earnings of the company had dropped down drastically to 24 percent in the year 2001 compared to the year 2000. The share price of the company had dropped down to $29.90 which was a decrease of 50 percent since January 2002. Tyco International was facing one of the biggest financial crises and the incident had sparked controversies in the entire United States of America. This had led to the management of the company to borrow funds and an analyst had cal led the situation as â€Å"crisis in confidence†.

Diet Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 2000 words

Diet - Essay Example Humans are omnivorous in nature, but both psychological and social factors have a significant influence on the dietary habits of individuals or a community, some of which may be useful and others harmful. For the purpose of this paper, ethnic/cultural and educational factors will be examined under the social angle, while memory and attitude factors will be discussed under the psychological aspect. Such factors strongly influence the deliberate choice of food intake. Indeed, diet has its detrimental effects on health when not undertaken properly and as per guidance from professionals. Individuals wishing to undergo a diet will be restricting themselves in what they drink and eat aiming at losing weight or becoming healthier (Conner & Norman 2005). Although healthy dieting averts complications like diabetes, the partakers may also fall victim to various negative outcomes like the weakening of the immune system. Such negative results deter the body’s ability to manage the changes dieting causes and how well it adapts to new behaviors. The understanding of the variables encountered in the body enables dieting people to decide their failure or success. For example, calories are essential in providing energy and supporting bodily functions. However, if consumed excessively during a diet, they not only increase the body’s fat content, but body weight as well. A deficit leads to lack of energy and constant fatigue. Carbohydrates are also a source of energy, but failure to distinguish between healthy sources is detrimental. Rather than getting the supply from sugary foods like sweets and soft drinks, they should be obtained in a more readily available form like corn, rice and cereals. Over indulging and under indulging in certain nutrients leads to either dangerous and unhealthy weight gain or loss. Life threatening conditions then set in, such as binge eating, bulimia and anorexia. In anorexia, a dieter is tormented by the fear of getting overweight, and in bulimia, a dieter usually ends up in recurring cycles of purging and binge eating. The dieter abuses diuretics and laxatives in a bid to acquire desired looks. Below is an examination of social and psychological factors and their influence on health. Cultural/ethnic Factors Growing up in distinctive traditions, cultural values and beliefs determines diet choices and how food is prepared among diverse communities in diverse sections of the world, with each ethnic group having their own culturally based food habits (Shepherd 1999). Therefore, different cultures, which are further embedded in ethnicity and religion, produce varied health risks in different people. As an example, African Americans are prone to diabetes and heart diseases mainly due to their cuisine. On the other hand, although they cannot be completely written off, such diseases are less prevalent among the East Asian cultures as their cuisine is mainly composed of vegetables, seafood and low-fat foods (Rubin 2004). This is because some diets are already a part of some nations’ culture. Migrating populations may, however, be an exception, as seen among South Asian women who moved to Scotland and recorded an increased intake of fats that was associated with a higher body mass index and more incidences of heart disease. In the same fashion, food is a key aspect of the Mexican

The Things They Carried Philosophy Essay

The Things They Carried Philosophy Essay The Things They Carried is author by storyteller Tim OBrien and addresses truth through fiction. He has taken the acts of the Vietnam War and told them through a series of stories. The characters listed in the book may actually be true but their actions may not be or not in the way OBrien tells the stories. He does not write in this book a historical account of the war but instead tells us about experiences that the soldiers had. In the chapter How to Tell a War Story (64) OBrien tells us that the truth is ugly and that war is not always about the glory or bravery of the soldiers. The stories are more about the soldiers feelings than the actual acts of war. I came to realize quickly that the book was about what the soldiers carried such as guilt, sadness, mental anguish and self doubt over acts of war and not the actual possessions. I believe people carry burden every day. I carry the guilt over my divorce and the fact that I wanted it so badly. I know that I will carry that guilt the rest of my life even though my life today is much better. Could I have tried harder? Did the divorce truly harm my son in anyway? The Things They Carried was a difficult book for me to read and I have to admit that reading the book actually has increased my concern for my son who is currently serving in Iraq. Once of my greatest fears is what he carries home with him after he has completed his mission. I understand that he may experience things thing that no one can image much like what OBrien wrote about. I am sure his experience is much different than what is referenced in OBriens book since we are not fighting the same kind of war. Those men had no choice they had to serve when called upon. My son has chosen to serve of his own free will and is actually enjoying his deployment even thought silently I worry about him. Human behavior is very strange especially in the act of war. Soldiers will do things that most human beings would not think of. In the normal routine of our day we do things that are strange. At work we may act a certain way so we can keep our job. Soldiers do the same thing; they act a certain way to stay alive and deal with the issue of war. In the chapter How to Tell a True War Story OBrien explains how war affects the soldiers minds. They hear voices, music, talking but there is nothing there. The soldiers call in fire power and there still is nothing there. The soldiers mind played tricks. The human mind can affect human behavior. Pre-Socratic Greek Philosophers Thales Thales was known as a first Greek philosopher and mathematician and introduced the idea of geometry. He was a successful business man and started his own school of philosophy which taught math and astronomy. Thales is also known for his thoughts on natural rather than supernatural views for events such as earthquakes. Looked upon as a man of knowledge and wisdom, Thales was named one of the Seven Wise Men of Greece. Thales was one of the founders of math and applied geometry but made a name for himself by establishing the need for deductive reasoning and proof for demonstrating a statement. Before Thales, geometry was focused on measuring surfaces and solids. He focused on lines, circles and triangles and is known for the five basic theorems of geometry. Besides his interest in geometry and math, he enjoyed astronomy. He is most noted for astronomical observations when he predicted a solar eclipse. It is thought he learned to predict the eclipse while in Babylon where they kept detailed records of astronomical events for years. With well kept records, Thales was able to calculate when an eclipse would occur and in what year. Thales believed the earth was flat and floated on water. Water was the origin of all life and was the one element needed to grow and nurture all things. He also believed that supernatural events could be explained by natural events. That an earthquake was caused when the earth was rocked by waves. It is thought Thales died sometime around 546 BC and was the only one of the Seven Wise Men of Greece to be declared wise multiple times. His philosophy became to be known as the Ionian School of Philosophy (Thales of Miletus, 2005). Heraclitus Heraclitus lived from 540-ca to 480 BC and tried to explain the nature of the universe by using logos or reason as the guide to all things, specifically fire. Heraclitus was born in Ephesus and is thought to have renounced his social status, probably king, to his brother. He was a lonely man who looked for the truth within himself and his works were similar to the writings of other philosophers. Much of Heraclitus work, On the Nature of the Universe, exists today but the work is difficult to interpret due to the use of abbreviations and style of writing. The basis of Heraclitus philosophy is the world of appearance, all things are constantly changing. Change is due to the idea that opposites guide all changes such as hot and cold, day and night, good and bad. He also believed that things that are inconsistent through conflict or tension are a type of harmony. Heraclitus thought the cosmos had always existed but did not come to existence at some specific time; that fire is the basic substance in the cosmos and all elements are changed because of it. He thought that the human soul may come to understand the truth of the cosmos even though humans understanding may only be child like. He commanded humans to learn the nature of the universe through the understanding of their own souls and was considered to be one of the first mental philosophers. Heraclitus was one of the first Greek philosophers to focus on the problem of knowledge and was the first to note the importance of an understanding of the soul as the beginning to understanding the world (Heraclitus, 2005). Empedocles Empedocles was a philosopher, poet, politician and visionary. He developed a philosophy around four elements in the universe and defined matter as the various ratios of these elements. Empedocles was born in Sicily to a wealthy family and named after his grandfather. His sharp intellect allowed him to combine his talents in philosophy, natural history, poetry and politics to accomplish popular status in his day. He was thought to be the inventor of rhetoric which is used in politics. He was popular because of his support of democracy. His scientific exploration included mysticism but his philosophies contained the basic laws of physics which included atomic theory. Empedocles followed the Greek philosopher Parmenides in the belief that matter is indestructible. He stated that matter made up all things and the four elements of the universe air, fire, earth and water made up all things according to various ratios of these four elements. Empedocles thought that love and hate controlled how the four elements came together or moved apart. Empedocles introduced the theory of reincarnation because nothing that comes into being can be destroyed only transformed. Later in his life he wrote a poetic piece called On Nature which contained ideas of evolution, the circulation of the blood and atmospheric pressure. He was the first to state the moon could be seen due to the reflection of light and thought the moon to be one third the distance from the earth to the sun. Empedocles made significant contributions to the philosophy of science. He is credited for founding the Italian school of medicine and was known to have a style for self promotion and public relations which is seen in his writings (Empedocles of Acrages, 2005). Apology-Justice and Duty (i) and Socrates Speaks at his Trial in Plato: The Last Days of Socrates Skillful Speaker with Speaking the Truth Socrates contrasts being a skilled speaker with speaking the truth (17b). Today in the media we are exposed to a great deal of false advertising. The commercials or print ads are produced and skillfully done. They are colorful, pleasing to the eyes; cleaver and many times catch our attention. Americans spend a great deal of money on these items and many times they are worthless. In the example of the toy company advertising a dancing ballerina, it was determined the television commercial through video made the ballerina dance, not the doll itself. Today in politics, Americans are exposed to very skillful speakers running for political office. When they speak of their platforms, what they believe in, many times it is thought to be what we want to hear and not what it necessarily the truth. Americans are exposed to their cleaver speeches and many times make decisions based upon those skillful speeches. Many times when a political race is about to end and individuals are expected to vote, the ads and political speeches begin to contain damaging information and again, this damaging information is skillfully delivered but is not always the truth. We then make a last minute decision based upon this questionable information and find out later it was a bad choice. In Socrates the Apology, Socrates, much like the skillful advertisers, used rhetoric to attempt to sway his accusers. He professed to be a plain main who speaks only simple truth yet he uses cleaver rhetoric and uses words in such a way as to manipulate them to serve a different purpose. Socrates claims he is not a cleaver speaker but the Apology tells us otherwise (The Interplay of Influence: News, Advertising, Politics and the Mass Media, 2001). Socrates was not afraid of Death Socrates continues to tell the accusers that he will not be the formal charges which will destroy him but the prejudicial gossip and slander. He does not fear death because he is concerned about acting right or wrong. Socrates argues that those who fear death show ignorance, that death is a blessing but those who fear it as an evil thing cannot know it to be such. He points out that his wisdom lies in the fact that he is aware that he does not know (29a, b). Socrates thought that man should be evaluating his actions as being right or wrong, just or unjust. This is because the value and justness of our lives count. He also thought that man should not be afraid of death, because we do not know what it is. To be afraid of something we do not know is to assume we know and Socrates felt that was unwise. He was not afraid of death because he realized it is a peaceful sleep and you meet those who have died before you, so how can this be evil? Socrates also thought that man should not stop fighting for what he believes in, even if it leads to death. He felt that he would rather die than give up his philosophical life. Socrates died for a righteous cause, the belief that one should never change their beliefs because of the fear of death. When Socrates declares to the jury, Wherefore, O men of Athens, I say to you, do as Anytus bids or not as Anytus bids, and either acquit me or not; but whatever you do know that I shall never alter my ways, not even if I have to die many times, he is giving up his life as an example for the future generations. He thought that if he died for a great cause it was justified. Once Socrates was found guilty, he insisted that a just person will not allow anything to count against doing the right thing, no matter the cost. If he chose ordinary good instead of the just course of action he would be choosing an action that was not good for him and he refused to do this. He did not propose an alternative to the death penalty. Socrates chose to accept his fate and becomes known as the greatest hero in the history of philosophy. His main concern in life was excellence in moral character of the soul which has set the foundation for ethics and philosophy today (Encyclopedia of Ethics, 2001). The Last Words in the Apology and Socrates Defense God and gods play a huge role in the Apology. The last word in Socrates defense is God (42a) and is placed there on purpose. In addressing the charges against him, charged with believing in other gods and corrupting the youth, Socrates does a good job of making the charges seem ridiculous. When Plato wrote the Apology he emphasizes the importance of the gods in agreement with Socrates wisdom. It was the Oracle of Delphi that proclaims that he is the wisest of the wise (20c) not Socrates. He is not defying the gods but trying to reach some truth and meaning. By asking questions he is gaining knowledge and truth which challenges the accuser to think beyond what they have always known. Socrates accusers try to prove him to be an atheist but fail by establishing Socrates teaches men to acknowledge some gods and that he believes in spirits or demigods (26a). This proves Socrates is not guilty of teaching the youth to not believe in gods of any kind but of introducing the youth to other ideas of god. In the defense of Socrates he delivers the argument that he believes in the spirits or demigods which establishes the fact that he has not corrupted the minds of the youth with ideas of not believing in God, when he himself believes in gods. Socrates tells us in the Apology that we should strive to be like God if God is considered to be the supreme entity.